Always collect originals and certified copies where applicable — and verify authenticity at the appropriate offices.

• Title document / Deed: The legal paper that shows ownership.
• Survey plan / Cadastral map: Shows exact boundaries and dimensions (must match physical markers).
• Governor's consent or allocation letter: Required in many jurisdictions for valid transfer (check local rules).
• Receipts of payment: Official receipts for any payments made to the seller, developer or government.
• Tax clearance / Receipt of rates: Proof there are no outstanding charges on the property.
• Identification and company documents: Valid ID of seller and company documents if the seller is a business.
• Letter of allocation / Offer letter: For plots sold by developers, confirming allocation and plot number.

Use a combination of paperwork checks, physical inspection, and professional verification.

1. Visit the site: Check landmarks, existing developments, access roads and whether the plot matches the survey.
2. Confirm the title: Take the title to the land registry (state/local) and verify its status and chain of ownership.
3. Check the survey plan: Confirm coordinates and that neighboring plots line up with the registry plan.
4. Talk to neighbours/local leaders: They often know if a developer or seller has issues or if a plot is disputed.
5. Engage a licensed surveyor and lawyer: A surveyor verifies boundaries; a lawyer checks title and prepares documents.
6. Verify receipts & payments: Ask for payment receipts and confirm with the issuing office if necessary.

Extra things beginners often miss — and quick tips to avoid them:

• Ignoring environmental risks: Check flood zones, erosion, and planned public works.
• Unclear payment terms: Insist on a written payment schedule and official receipts for every tranche.
• No professional inspection: Inspect soils, access, and any standing structures before purchase.
• Failing to budget for compliance: Factor in registration, stamp duties, and any required approvals.
• Not using escrow for large deals: Use trusted escrow or legal holding accounts to protect payments until transfer.